Which of the following is NOT listed as a route of administration in the material?

• A. IV
• B. IM
• C. Subcutaneous
• D. Intranasal

Answer: (C)

The concept tested is identifying which routes of administration the material specifically lists. The material covers intravenous, intramuscular, and intranasal routes, each with distinct implications for onset and absorption. Intravenous delivery goes directly into the bloodstream, giving the fastest systemic effect. Intramuscular administration allows medication to be absorbed from muscle tissue at a moderate rate, useful for certain formulations and depot effects. Intranasal delivery provides rapid absorption through the nasal mucosa and avoids first-pass metabolism. Subcutaneous administration, while a common route in many contexts, is not listed in the material, which is why it is the option that doesn’t fit with what’s provided.